Narikala Fortress

Narikala rises above Old Tbilisi on a rocky hill on the right bank of the Kura River. The upper section contains ancient summit fortifications, ruined walls and towers, and the Church of Saint Nicholas, restored in the 1990s. The later lower section, built in the 17th–18th centuries, descends toward the foot of the hill. The first fortifications appeared in the 4th century, and in the 7th–8th centuries the site acquired the Persian-derived name Narikala, meaning small fortress, as well as much of its present form. It became a symbol of Georgian statehood in the 12th century. An earthquake in 1827 destroyed much of the walls and ended its military role. Massive stone and brick walls, battlements, loopholes, towers, and carefully planned entrances reflect medieval defensive strategy. Today, Narikala is one of Tbilisi's major attractions, offering panoramic views over the old city, river, and bridges, while Saint Nicholas Church contains frescoes of biblical scenes and Georgian history.

A legend tells of a secret dungeon beneath Narikala where a beautiful princess was imprisoned. A young monk who loved her entered daily through a hidden tunnel with food and water. When he learned of her planned execution, he helped her escape. Neither was seen again, and the secret passage seemed to disappear forever into the fortress walls.